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Subhas Chandra Bose ( shuub-HAHSS CHUN-drə BOHSS;[11] 23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945)[h] was an Indian nationalist who defied British colonial rule, becoming a hero among Indians,[i][j][k] but his war-time alliances with Nazi Germany and Fascist Japan gave intimations of authoritarianism and anti-Semitism.[l][m][n][o][p][q] The honorific Netaji (Hindustani: "Respected Leader") was first applied to Bose in Germany in early 1942—by the Indian soldiers of the Indische Legion and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin. It is now used throughout India.[r]
Subhas Chandra Bose |
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In office
4 July 1943 – 18 August 1945 |
| Preceded by | Mohan Singh |
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| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
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In office
18 January 1938 – 29 April 1939 |
| Preceded by | Jawaharlal Nehru |
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| Succeeded by | Rajendra Prasad |
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In office
22 June 1939 – 16 January 1941 |
| Preceded by | Office created |
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| Succeeded by | Sardul Singh Kavishar |
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In office
22 August 1930 – 15 April 1931 |
| Preceded by | Jatindra Mohan Sengupta |
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| Succeeded by | Bidhan Chandra Roy |
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| Born | Subhas Chandra Bose
23 January 1897
Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province, British India (present-day Cuttack, Cuttack district, Odisha state, India) |
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| Died | 18 August 1945 (aged 48)
Army Hospital Nanmon Branch, Taihoku, Japanese Taiwan (present-day Taipei City Hospital Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei, Taiwan) |
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| Cause of death | Third-degree burns from aircrash |
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| Citizenship | British Raj |
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| Political party | Indian National Congress, Forward Bloc and Bharatiya Vidya Party |
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| Spouse(s) | or companion, Emilie Schenkl
(secretly married without ceremony or witnesses in 1937, unacknowledged publicly by Bose.) |
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| Children | Anita Bose Pfaff |
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| Parents | |
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| Education | - Baptist Mission's Protestant European School, Cuttack, 1902–09
- Ravenshaw Collegiate School, Cuttack, 1909–12
- Presidency College, Calcutta, 1912–15 February 1916[e][f]
- Scottish Church College, Calcutta, 20 July 1917–1919
- Fitzwilliam Hall, Non-Collegiate Students Board, Cambridge, 1919–21.[g]
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| Alma mater | |
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| Known for | Indian independence movement |
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| Signature |  |
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| Nickname(s) | Netaji |
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listen) shuub-HAHSS CHUN-drə BOHSS;[11] 23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945)[h] was an Indian nationalist who defied British colonial rule, becoming a hero among Indians,[i][j][k] but his war-time alliances with Nazi Germany and Fascist Japan gave intimations of authoritarianism and anti-Semitism.[l][m][n][o][p][q] The honorific Netaji (Hindustani: "Respected Leader") was first applied to Bose in Germany in early 1942—by the Indian soldiers of the Indische Legion and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin. It is now used throughout India.[r]
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